Green Flag
The green flag means that the track is clear and drivers can start or continue the session. Usually shown at the start of the warm-up lap, practice session or qualifying. It is also shown after an incident with yellow flags.
Red Flag
The red flag is waved when the session is stopped because of serious incidents or bad weather conditions. During practice and qualifying sessions, the drivers must reduce their speed and immediately head back to their pit garages. During the race, they must reduce their speed and drive to and queue in the pit lane to await further information.
Yellow Flag
The yellow flag is a signal for danger and can be shown as single waved and double waved. Single waved means drivers must reduce speed, overtaking is forbidden, and they have to be prepared to avoid hazards on or beside the track.
Double waved means drivers must reduce their speed significantly; no overtaking and drivers have to be prepared to change direction because of hazards blocking the track or marshals are working alongside it.
Blue Flag
The blue flag is usually shown to a driver to inform them that they’re about to be overtaken. During a practice session, it indicates to the drivers that a fast car is approaching and about to overtake. During the race, it signals drivers that they’re about to be lapped and must allow the approaching car to pass at the earliest opportunity. If the slower driver fails to follow the direction of the blue flag thrice, they will receive a penalty. The blue flag is also shown to let drivers leaving the pit lane know that there is approaching traffic behind.
White Flag
The white flag is to indicate to drivers that there is a much slower vehicle ahead.
Black Flag
The black flag is shown to disqualify a driver and orders them to proceed to the pit garage immediately.
Black & White Flag
The black and white flag accompanied by the driver’s race number is shown to signal the driver that they have been reported for unsportsmanlike behavior, and a repeat will result in a penalty.
Black Flag with an Orange Disc
The black and white flag with an orange disc, accompanied by the race number, is to inform a driver about a mechanical issue with their car that could put them and others in danger. They have to proceed to the pits immediately. In case of repair, the car can rejoin the race, otherwise it must remain in the pits.
Red & Yellow Striped Flag
To warn the drivers that the track ahead is slippery because of oil or water.
Chequered Flag
The chequered flag is probably one of the most well-known flags – it marks the end of each session and is waved until all cars have completed the session or more importantly, the race.
Code-60 Flag
The Code-60 flag is used to impose a speed limit around the whole or parts of the track, especially when double-yellow flags are shown during a session.
The speed limit around the whole track will either be indicated by a yellow flag and a board showing FCY (Full Course Yellow) or by a purple flag with the number 60 in a white circle.
If a variable speed limit is imposed on the track, it will be indicated with a single yellow flag and a board showing VSC (Virtual Safety Car).
If a speed limit in only parts of the track is imposed, it will be indicated at the start and end of the section with double-yellow flags and a board labelled slow.
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